Description
Euonymus – Spindle Tree –
There are about 175 species of deciduous, and evergreen shrubs, trees, and climbers, in this genus. They occur mostly in woodland and thickets, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere especially Eastern Asia. They are grown for their foliage, autumn color and ornamental, often ribbed, wing or lobed, spherical or almost spherical fruits, borne from autumn to winter, which split to reveal bright yellow, red, or orange seeds, with often colorful arils. Birds are attracted to the fruit. Leaves are opposite (rarely alternate) simple, very variable in shape, and are toothed or scalloped. In late spring or summer it bears inconspicuous cymes of 3, sometimes 7-15, small greenish or yellowish or white occasionally purple-red or red-brown flowers. Uses range from a shrub border to specimen plantings, and from hedging to ground cover. All parts may cause mild stomach upset if ingested.
Grow in any well drained soil in full sun or light shade. If grown in full sun, they need moist soils, although deciduous species and cultivars are more tolerant of dry soils. Shelter evergreens from cold, drying winds. Variegated cultivars need sun to enhance leaf variegations.
Prone to mites, scale insects, leaf miners, aphids, mealybugs, witches broom, stem dieback, powdery mildew, and fungal spots are problems.
E. alatus var. apterus – Burning Bush – Winged Spindle Tree – Corkbush – Winged Spindle – Winged Euonymus – This much branched, lax, bushy, deciduous shrub from China, Japan, and Korea grows 6-10′ feet tall. It produces obovate to elliptic, toothed, dark green leaves, to 3″ long, that turn vivid red in autumn. rarely produces shoots that are 4 angled, with broad, corky wings. In late spring it bears small, green flowers in inconspicuous sprays. In all it bears almost spherical, reddish purple fruit, 3/8″ across, are 1 to 4 lobed, seeds have orange-red arils. Colors beat on alkaline soil.
zone 4-9
