Description
Pinus – Pine –
There are 115-120 monoecious, medium to tall evergreen, coniferous trees and a few shrub in the Pinaceae Family, in this genus. They are widely distrubuted in forest mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, from the Arctic Circle to Central America but also in Europe, Northern Africa and Southeastern Asia. The bark is often fissured, and in some species is divided into irregular, plate like sections. Pines bear small bundles of 2-5 rarely 1 or 6-8, needle like, light to dark green or yellow-green to bluish or gray green leaves, which usually persist for 2-4 years sometimes for longer, and range from quite small to as much as 18″ long. The winter buds are usually cylindrical or egg shaped, up to 20″ long, and often resinous. Male and female cones are borne on the same tree, females cones take 2, or occasionally 3 years to ripen, the seeds are winged in most species. Male cones are yellow and catkin like, clustered at the shoot bases. Pines are useful as specimen trees, and for shelter and windbreaks, some cultivars and slow growing species are suitable for a rock garden or mixed border.
Pines are divided into 2 major groups, the white pines (soft pines) with typically 5 needles and non woody cone scales, and the black pines (hard pines) with typically 2 to 4 needles and woody cone scales.
Grow these easily grown plants in any well drained soil in full sun, but may need a symbiotic soil fungus to assist nutrient uptake on poorer soils.
Prone to sawfly, caterpillars, scale insects, mealybugs, miners, borers, blister, rust, butt rot, blights (including Diplodia tip blight), pitch canker, cone rust, tar spot, and brown cubical rot.
P. parviflora – Japanese White Pine – This slow growing, conical or columnar tree, often with a spreading crown from Japan grows 30-80′ feet tall and 20-25′ feet wide. It has scaly purplish brown bark, grayish brown shoots, and ovoid buds. It produces stiff, blue green leaves 3/4-2 ½” long, with whitish blue inner sides, are borne in 5’s. It bears oval to cylindrical, red brown female cones, 2-4″ long, have short winged seeds. Salt tolerant.
Zones 6-9
